Tuesday, July 31, 2012
Olympic technology winners and losers
And - rather like the transport system where the anticipated chaos has (so far) failed to materialise - it looks as though the networks came through Friday night very well. Since then, however, some technology problems have surfaced.On Friday, I wrote about the challenge facing the mobile phone networks as the Olympics got underway, and a huge volume of texts tweets and other traffic threatened to clog them up.
On the Olympic Park, the investment in extra capacity in the form of 30 masts and one of the world's best wi-fi networks, has paid off. The 80,000 spectators and volunteers pumped out photos, tweets, texts and calls without problems. Vodafone says its network saw data usage from the stadium equivalent to the sending of 400,000 smartphone pictures.
Across the country, predictions that it would be a busy but not exceptional night for mobile networks proved accurate. Vodafone says that while data volume was up by 5% on the previous week, the volume of calls and texts was about the same. With 27 million watching the opening ceremony on television, it seems that many were using their home broadband rather than their mobiles to connect.
But it was a different story on Saturday, when a million people took to the streets of south-west London and Surrey to follow the men's cycling road race. It seems they were making constant use of their phones to update Facebook and Twitter and to send photos - and that is being blamed for the fact that vital race data, apparently travelling over the same mobile networks, was slow to reach the commentators.
Last night saw a technical problem of a more embarrassing nature for one of the Olympic sponsors. Visa is using the Games to try out some new technology, principally a mobile payments system on a Samsung Galaxy smartphone, and at one stage there were ambitions to make this the first cashless Olympics.Privately, the networks say they were never asked by the games organisers to provide an "Olympic lane" for race data traffic, so they cannot be blamed for any problems.
But at Wembley, where the Great Britain football team was playing the UAE, the whole Visa system appeared to collapse - and spectators found that good old fashioned cash was the only way to pay for their purchases.
Visa says it was Wembley's systems, not theirs, that failed: "The cash-only decision was made by Wembley management and not Visa."
But the prize for the single most embarrassing Olympics technical failure so far must go to the American television network NBC. For anyone of an even slightly geeky bent, one of the highlights of the opening ceremony was the appearance of Sir Tim Berners-Lee, the creator of the World Wide Web. "This is for everyone," was the message he sent via Twitter to the world from the stadium.Still, it is another sign that the road to a cashless economy is going to be strewn with potholes.
"Who he?" was the reaction of the NBC commentators. They went on to suggest that viewers should Google Berners-Lee to find out more.
An operation which, as many people swiftly pointed out, would have been impossible if a great British scientist had not come up with an idea he called the web more than 20 years ago.
Olympic Games coverage: HD, robotic cameras and 3D
Somewhere beneath the streets of London, four miles of fibre optic cables linking the Olympic Park to the BBC's Television Centre lie in darkness.
But when the Olympic opening ceremony starts on 27 July, data will flash through them as they transmit the highest definition pictures Olympic coverage has ever seen.
Technology has come a long way since the last Olympics in London in 1948, broadcast in black and white.
The cables will carry ultra-high definition video, which at a resolution of 7680x4320 is an astonishing 16 times the quality of HD television.
The video technology was developed and supplied by Japanese broadcaster NHK, and is known as Super Hi-Vision. See More>>
It will be sent to the world's first ultra-high definition production centre at the BBC, and then over high-speed data networks to four giant screens around Britain, two in Japan and one in the United States.
"When you see this type of ultra-high definition television, it's just like looking though a glass window," said Tim Plyming, the BBC's Super Hi-Vision project leader.
"This is the highest definition that the human eye can understand - it's the end of the story in terms of resolution."
But with only a handful of screens around the world capable of displaying ultra-high definition pictures, an estimated 4.8 billion sports fans will be turning to their televisions, computers, or mobile devices to catch the Olympic action.
London 2012 will be the first Olympics to feature live 3D television broadcasts, and 33 "true 3D" cameras will be used to capture more than 230 hours of 3D coverage.
The BBC will broadcast the opening and closing ceremonies and the men's 100m final in 3D, and pan-European broadcaster Eurosport will also be providing 3D coverage.
The BBC will broadcast more than 2,500 hours (equivalent to almost four months) of high definition television over the 17-day period, covering every sport, from every venue, on every day.
To squeeze it all in, the corporation will use 24 Olympic channels, which will be available via the BBC Red Button or channel numbers in the electronic programme guides on cable and satellite services.
The same 24 television channels will also be available as 24 high definition online streams, tailored for viewing on connected TVs, PCs, tablets and mobile phones, and the BBC expects online viewing figures will be the highest ever.
"For moments involving British athletes, or major games moments, we have planned for a doubling of streaming capacity over the highest we have ever needed before," says Phil Fearnley, BBC Future Media's general manager.
The BBC has recently introduced a new video delivery technology called "chunked streaming " which makes it possible for a viewer joining halfway through an event to "rewind" the stream back to the start.
This technology will feature in the BBC's new Live Interactive Video Player, which is being introduced specially for the Olympics on its website.
It allows visitors to switch between the 24 live streams instantly, rewind to earlier parts of the action, receive alerts about big moments on other channels ("Tom Daley is diving now!"), and access real-time statistics and information about individual athletes or events.
"This is a knockout piece of technology," says Mr Fearnley.
For mobile users, a mobile site will mirror much of the desktop experience, adapted to the size of their device's screen.
Apple and Android users will also be able to access the 24 live video streams and highlights.
BBC Olympics apps for Apple and Android smartphones will include all the features available on the mobile browser site, plus the ability to read content even when disconnected from the internet.
There is also a BBC Sport app for Virgin Media's TiVo service, Sony, Panasonic and Samsung internet-connected televisions and Sony's PlayStation games console, which allows viewers to watch online streams, on demand highlights and news headlines on their TVs.
The BBC's streams are only available in the United Kingdom, but viewers elsewhere in the world will be turning to other sources of online coverage.
In the US, NBC will be adding to its broadcast and cable television coverage with streamed content delivered using technology provided by YouTube, and the International Olympic Committee plans to provide a live stream to sports fans in 64 countries across Africa and Asia using its own dedicated YouTube channel.
No Olympics would be complete without photographic imagery - and Getty Images, the official photographic agency, expects to shoot more than one million pictures during the games.
These will include 3D images - an Olympic first - and high resolution 360 degree panoramic photographs.
Some of London's Olympic venues, including Wembley and Excel, do not provide photographers with ideal vantage points, according to Getty Images' Ken Mainardis.
To get around this problem, Getty is pioneering the use of robotic cameras installed in the roofs of these buildings.
Photographers up to 200m away can see each camera's view on a laptop screen, adjust the camera settings using software running on a laptop, and move the camera and take photographs using a joystick.
Back in 1948, it took hours just to get photographs developed, but Mr Mainardis says fibre optic networks allow the best Olympic pictures to be made available across the globe in minutes.
"From the moment an athlete crosses a finishing line, a photograph will arrive at a newspaper as far away as Australia in about 180 seconds," he says.
Olympic tickets: More put on sale
More Olympic tickets will go on sale after the row over empty seats, organisers Locog have said.
It said an initial 3,000 tickets - including 600 gymnastics tickets - were "put back into the pot" and sold on the London 2012 website on Sunday night.
After a smooth morning rush hour, London Bridge station is expected to be particularly busy in the evening.
And in an historic success, Team GB's men's gymnasts won bronze - the first medal in 100 years. See More>>
They had initially won silver, but were demoted after fourth-place Japan successfully challenged the result, moving up to silver.
With evening events expected to impact London transport, six platforms at London Bridge are exit-only between 18:00 BST and 22:00 BST to handle an expected 50,000 equestrian spectators moving through it.
There was evidence of unusually quiet Tube platforms in the early evening at some stations, while at others there was the usual level of passengers for a Monday, BBC reporters said.
Tom Daley and Pete Waterfield competed in the men's synchronised 10m platform final
In other Olympic developments:
- Team GB divers Tom Daley and Pete Waterfield came fourth in the men's synchronised 10m platform final
- Organisers say food and water supplies are being increased at venues after long queues and supply shortages during the opening days
- PM David Cameron, who chaired the daily Olympics security meeting on Monday morning, said he travelled on the Tube "to see what the traffic situation was like"
- Mr Cameron also dismissed criticism from a fellow Tory MP that the opening ceremony was "leftie", describing it as "an idiotic thing to say"
- Team GB's Katherine Grainger and Anna Watkins clocked an Olympic record time of 6mins 44.33secs in the women's double sculls rowing as they powered into the final
- Weightlifter Zoe Smith, 18 years old and at her first Olympics, set a new British clean and jerk record and new personal best total
- Ten people have been charged with ticket touting offences since the start of the Games, and a further 19 have been arrested, Scotland Yard said
During the men's team gymnastic final, BBC reporter Ollie Williams reported that dozens of army personnel were filling seats in the North Greenwich Arena, but empty seats remained.
Regarding the general issue of empty spectator seats, Prime Minister David Cameron, said it was "disappointing" but not "a unique episode" with other previous Games facing similar problems.
At some venues, seats in the accredited "Olympic family" areas - reserved for groups including officials, sports federations, athletes, journalists and sponsors - have remained empty.
Locog communications director Jackie Brock-Doyle said organisers were doing everything they could to fix the problem.
"We're doing this session by session, talking to the accredited groups - including obviously broadcast media and everybody else - and asking whether we can release, for the different sessions, tickets back into the public pot," she said.
And she said accredited seating for London 2012 was down 15% on previous Games.
Culture Secretary Jeremy Hunt said: "Often these are very nice seats in very high-profile positions - and so what we're saying to the IOC and the International Sports Federations is if you're not going to use them, could we have as many as possible back, because, of course, we've got lots of members of the public who would dearly love to go."
He said contractually the seats belonged to the sporting bodies, so it was a process of negotiation to get them released.
He said organisers were looking at whether it was feasible to impose a 30-minute rule whereby empty seats were re-allocated if ticketholders had not sat down within 30 minutes of an event starting.
However, the ticket releases were causing some confusion at the Olympic Park as members of the public were arriving and expecting to be able to buy them, security staff told the BBC.
The latest release of tickets can be bought only online, before they are picked up at collection points in venues for pre-purchased tickets.
Transport for London's Games transport director Mark Evers said the network had worked well on Monday morning.
There was an increase of about 4% in rush hour travellers, but because passengers travelled earlier or later than usual, the rush hour was "flattened", says BBC London transport correspondent Tom Edwards.
But Steve McNamara, general secretary of the Licensed Taxi Drivers' Association - representing London cabbies - complained of "chaos" on London's roads as a result of 30 miles of Games Lanes for the use of the Olympic family.
He told BBC News "tens of thousands of Londoners are stuck in gridlock traffic" while Games Lanes were "completely empty".
However, London Mayor Boris Johnson said some of the Games lanes had been "turned off", allowing the public to use them, because so many Olympic officials were opting for public transport.
He said IOC president Jacques Rogge had travelled by Docklands Light Rail instead of car.
Olympic organisers expect 1 million extra visitors to London to make some 3 million journeys on public transport - on top of the usual 12m daily public transport journeys.
Meanwhile, Locog says it has checked all seating at temporary Olympics venues after BBC News website readers said flooring below seating at two sites had collapsed.
Michael Page, from Kent, was at the Riverbank Arena watching hockey on Sunday.
He said: "The crowd did a Mexican wave, one row jumped up and the empty seats behind moved forward which meant the flooring collapsed."
Officials drilled the flooring back together before the area was taped off, he added.
Locog's Ms Brock-Doyle said the welding had broken "on one seat at Eton Dorney and on a couple of other seats at the hockey so Games organisers have checked all the seats provided by the contractor to temporary venues".
Man Utd to sell shares at $16 each in New York sale
Manchester United has said it plans to raise as much as $330m (£210m) in a share listing in New York.
In documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, the football club said it will sell 16.7 million shares at between $16 and $20 each.
But it also revealed that revenue had fallen in the last year as they were knocked out of the Champion's League.
Manchester United was recently called the most valuable club in sport, worth $2.23bn, according to Forbes magazine.
The club has been controlled since 2005 by billionaire US sports investors the Glazer family, who also own the Tampa Bay Buccaneers American football team. See More>>
The Glazers' Class B shares will have 10 times the voting power of the Class A shares sold to punters.
United has said it plans to use the proceeds to repay debt.
The club currently has £437m of debt and £70m in cash.
In the regulatory filing, the club said its total revenue for the year to June was between £315m and £320m, down as much as 5% from last year.
That was mainly due to a 11-13% drop in broadcasting revenues - to £102m to £104m - after the team failed to make it past the group stages of Europe's premier club football competiton.
Man Utd said profit for the year from continuing operations will be as much as £23m, an increase of as much as 77% from the previous year due to tax credits.
The team spent a net £50m on players.
The company was incorporated in the Cayman Islands on 30 April.
On Monday, Manchester United also said it signed a new deal to have its shirts sponsored by US car brand Chevrolet.
Chevrolet, which is made by General Motors, takes over from current sponsor Aon.
The Glazers borrowed large sums of money to buy the club and the interest payments on this debt are onerous.
In 2010, the owners converted these loans into a bond in order to reduce the interest, but analysts say the share sale demonstrates how the club remains weighed down by its heavy debts, despite its huge global fan base and promotional and marketing efforts.
The Premier League giant, who came second last season and have won a record 19 titles, is listing on the New York Stock Exchange.
Saturday, July 21, 2012
Microsoft Pastikan Tanggal Rilis Windows 8
microsoft
Tampilan layar "Start" pada antarmuka Metro milik Windows 8 Release Preview
Microsoft akhirnya memberi kepastian bahwa sistem operasi Windows 8 akan tersedia mulai 26 Oktober 2012. Hal itu diungkapkan Microsoft pada Rabu (18/7/2012) waktu setempat.
Pengumuman ini berarti pada tanggal tersebut konsumen seharusnya sudah bisa membeliupgrade ke Windows 8 atau Windows 8 Pro. Upgrade itu akan tersedia dalam bentuk kepingan retail ataupun melalui unduhan di internet.
Selain itu, pengguna akan bisa mendapatkan Windows 8 saat membeli perangkat komputer baru, seperti laptop dan lainnya dari produsen yang menggunakan Windows 8.
Selain itu, pengguna akan bisa mendapatkan Windows 8 saat membeli perangkat komputer baru, seperti laptop dan lainnya dari produsen yang menggunakan Windows 8.
11 Paten Apple dan Microsoft yang Dilanggar Android
Sistem operasi mobile besutan Google, Android, dan para produsen ponselnya kerap terlibat dalam kasus hukum sengketa hak paten. Yang paling santer terdengar adalah perang paten antara Apple dan Samsung, yang berlangsung sejak 2010 di sejumlah negara.
Bukan hanya Apple yang sering menggugat, perusahaan software Microsoft pun beberapa kali menggugat produsen Android.
Sebenarnya, paten apa saja yang dipermasalahkan Apple dan Microsoft? Seorang aktivis hak kekayaan intelektual, Florian Mueller, yang memiliki blog paten teknologi FOSS Patent, membuat daftar 11 paten Apple dan Microsoft yang dianggap dilanggar oleh Android.
1. Patent EP2059868: Portable electronic device for photo management
Ini merupakan paten yang menjelaskan tentang metode geser jari untuk melihat foto-foto di Gallery. Dengan paten ini, Apple menggugat Samsung di Pengadilan Kota Den Haag, Belanda, pada 24 Agustus 2011. Apple juga menggugat Motorola Mobility di Pengadilan Daerah Munich, Jerman, pada Maret 2012.
2. U.S. Patent No. 7,469,381: List scrolling and document translation, scaling, and rotation on a touch-screen display
Pengguna Android tentu pernah menggunakan aplikasi e-mail yang jika ingin me-refresh pesan, bisa dilakukan dengan cara menggulirkan jari ke arah bawah layar sentuh smartphone. Dengan cara ini, pesan-pesan terbaru akan muncul.
Sebenarnya, paten apa saja yang dipermasalahkan Apple dan Microsoft? Seorang aktivis hak kekayaan intelektual, Florian Mueller, yang memiliki blog paten teknologi FOSS Patent, membuat daftar 11 paten Apple dan Microsoft yang dianggap dilanggar oleh Android.
1. Patent EP2059868: Portable electronic device for photo management
Ini merupakan paten yang menjelaskan tentang metode geser jari untuk melihat foto-foto di Gallery. Dengan paten ini, Apple menggugat Samsung di Pengadilan Kota Den Haag, Belanda, pada 24 Agustus 2011. Apple juga menggugat Motorola Mobility di Pengadilan Daerah Munich, Jerman, pada Maret 2012.
2. U.S. Patent No. 7,469,381: List scrolling and document translation, scaling, and rotation on a touch-screen display
Pengguna Android tentu pernah menggunakan aplikasi e-mail yang jika ingin me-refresh pesan, bisa dilakukan dengan cara menggulirkan jari ke arah bawah layar sentuh smartphone. Dengan cara ini, pesan-pesan terbaru akan muncul.
70 Persen Perangkat Android Wajib Setor ke Microsoft
Perkembangan sistem operasi besutan Google, Android yang pesat ternyata turut menambah tebal dompet Microsoft - yang notabene merupakan pesaing dari Google.Hari Senin (9/7/2012) lalu, raksasa software itu mengumumkan bahwa dua produsen Android telah menandatangani perjanjian lisensi paten untuk perangkat berbasis Android dan Chrome.
Dengan "bergabungnya" dua produsen tersebut, Microsoft kini mendapat pemasukan berupa royalti yang dibayar oleh lebih dari 70 persen perangkat Android yang beredar di Amerika Serikat.
Microsoft Office Terbaru Tak Bisa Jalan di Windows XP dan Vista
Software Microsoft Office 2013 ternyata hanya kompatibel dengan PC, laptop, atau tablet yang menjalankan sistem operasi terbaru Microsoft, di antaranya Windows 7 dan Windows 8. Office 2013 diperkenalkan oleh CEO Microsoft Steve Ballmer hari Senin (16/7/2012) kemarin.
Komputer dengan sistem operasi Windows Vista, XP atau versi lain yang lebih tua tak bisa menjalankan suite produktivitas terbaru dari Microsoft tersebut. Artinya, mayoritas komputer berbasis Windows yang ada di seluruh dunia harus memperbarui versi Windows sebelum bisa mencicipi fitur-fitur baru pada Office 2013.
Fitur-fitur yang ditanamkan Microsoft pada Office 2013 antara lain integrasi fungsi Skype dan Yammer, dukungan input touch-screen, serta fungsi penyimpanan berbasis cloud SkyDrive yang memungkinkan dokumen Office bisa diakses dari perangkat apapun dan dari manapun penggunanya berada.
Data dari analis pasar Net Applications menunjukkan bahwa 51 persen PC masih memakai sistem operasi Windows XP atau Vista, sementara Windows 7 memiliki pangsa pasar sistem operasi sebesar 42 persen.
Komputer dengan sistem operasi Windows Vista, XP atau versi lain yang lebih tua tak bisa menjalankan suite produktivitas terbaru dari Microsoft tersebut. Artinya, mayoritas komputer berbasis Windows yang ada di seluruh dunia harus memperbarui versi Windows sebelum bisa mencicipi fitur-fitur baru pada Office 2013.
Fitur-fitur yang ditanamkan Microsoft pada Office 2013 antara lain integrasi fungsi Skype dan Yammer, dukungan input touch-screen, serta fungsi penyimpanan berbasis cloud SkyDrive yang memungkinkan dokumen Office bisa diakses dari perangkat apapun dan dari manapun penggunanya berada.
Data dari analis pasar Net Applications menunjukkan bahwa 51 persen PC masih memakai sistem operasi Windows XP atau Vista, sementara Windows 7 memiliki pangsa pasar sistem operasi sebesar 42 persen.
Microsoft Catat Kerugian Pertama dalam Sejarah
Aditya Panji/KOMPAS.com
Microsoft
KOMPAS.com - Untuk kali pertama semenjak go-public, raksasa software Microsoft mencatat kerugian. Di kuartal keempat tahun fiskal 2012 yang berakhir pada 30 Juni Microsoft melaporkan kerugian sebesar 492 juta dollar AS.
Kerugian tersebut disebabkan pengurangan nilai buku (write-down) sebesar 6,2 miliar dollar AS, yang dipicu oleh gagalnya investasi perusahaan tersebut di perusahaan iklan aQuantive yang dibeli Microsoft tahun 2007. aQuantive kalah bersaing dengan lawan-lawannya, antara lain Adsense online milik Google.
Saham Microsoft pun mencatat penurunan nilai untuk pertama kalinya sejak didaftarkan di bursa, sebesar 0,06 dollar AS atau 6 sen.
Kerugian tersebut disebabkan pengurangan nilai buku (write-down) sebesar 6,2 miliar dollar AS, yang dipicu oleh gagalnya investasi perusahaan tersebut di perusahaan iklan aQuantive yang dibeli Microsoft tahun 2007. aQuantive kalah bersaing dengan lawan-lawannya, antara lain Adsense online milik Google.
Saham Microsoft pun mencatat penurunan nilai untuk pertama kalinya sejak didaftarkan di bursa, sebesar 0,06 dollar AS atau 6 sen.
Galaxy S III Laris Manis, Samsung Siap "Asapi" Apple
KOMPAS.com - Setelah mendepak Nokia dari posisi produsen ponsel nomer satu di dunia, angka penjualan smartphone Samsung semakin jauh meninggalkan rival besarnya, Apple.
Seperti dijelaskan oleh hasil polling 41 analis yang dikutip oleh Reuters, kesuksesan Samsung tersebut antara lain berkat permintaan yang besar atas model smartphone flagship Samsung, Galaxy S III.
Samsung juga melakukan kampanye marketing dalam skala besar untuk mendukung penjualan produk itu.
Samsung dan Apple saling bersaing selama beberapa kuartal dalam hal penjualan smartphone terbesar, tetapi Galaxy S III yang diluncurkan bulan Mei lalu telah menempatkan Samsung pada posisi di atas angin.
Seperti dijelaskan oleh hasil polling 41 analis yang dikutip oleh Reuters, kesuksesan Samsung tersebut antara lain berkat permintaan yang besar atas model smartphone flagship Samsung, Galaxy S III.
Samsung juga melakukan kampanye marketing dalam skala besar untuk mendukung penjualan produk itu.
Samsung dan Apple saling bersaing selama beberapa kuartal dalam hal penjualan smartphone terbesar, tetapi Galaxy S III yang diluncurkan bulan Mei lalu telah menempatkan Samsung pada posisi di atas angin.
Suntik Rp 18 Triliun, Chevron Dapat Izin 'Sedot' Minyak Venezuela
Caracas - Salah satu perusahaan milik negara Venezuela, PDVSA, memfinalisasi kontrak senilai US$ 2 miliar (Rp 18 triliun) dengan Chevron, raksasa migas Amerika Serikat (AS). Tujuannya untuk menggenjot produksi minyak Venezuela.
"PDVSA dan Chevron sudah sepakat menyuntikkan dana US$ 2 miliar oleh Chevron ke Petroboscan," kata BUMN itu dalam keterangan tertulis yang dikutip AFP, Jumat (20/7/2012).
Dana investasi tersebut akan diberikan secara bertahap kepada Petroboscan yang menggarap blok migas Boscan sampai 2025 nanti. Diharapkan produksi minyak Boscan bisa terus bertambah.
Chevron memegang 40% kepemilikan saham Petroboscan, sementara PDVSA menguasai 60% sisanya. Presiden Venezuela Hugo Chavez memang sudah mengeluarkan aturan bahwa perusahaan asing yang menggarap sumber daya alam negaranya harus menjadi pemegang saham minoritas.
"PDVSA dan Chevron sudah sepakat menyuntikkan dana US$ 2 miliar oleh Chevron ke Petroboscan," kata BUMN itu dalam keterangan tertulis yang dikutip AFP, Jumat (20/7/2012).
Dana investasi tersebut akan diberikan secara bertahap kepada Petroboscan yang menggarap blok migas Boscan sampai 2025 nanti. Diharapkan produksi minyak Boscan bisa terus bertambah.
Chevron memegang 40% kepemilikan saham Petroboscan, sementara PDVSA menguasai 60% sisanya. Presiden Venezuela Hugo Chavez memang sudah mengeluarkan aturan bahwa perusahaan asing yang menggarap sumber daya alam negaranya harus menjadi pemegang saham minoritas.
Facebook, Alasan Apple Mundur dari Bisnis Jejaring Sosial
Steve Jobs dan Mark Zuckerberg (ist)
Steve Jobs diketahui memang mengagumi Mark Zuckerberg. Itu juga alasannya, mendiang pendiri Apple ini tidak mau lagi membuat jejaring sosial. Menurutnya, Zuckerberg telah melakukan yang terbaik dengan Facebook.
dikutip dari Business Insider, Sabtu (21/7/2012) hal ini terungkap dari pemaparan Walter Isaacson, penulis buku biografi Steve Jobs saat berbicara di hadapan publik beberapa waktu lalu.
"Saya pernah bertanya, siapakah yang dia kagumi di Sillicon Valley. Zuckerberg adalah nama pertama yang terucap dari bibirnya," kata Isaacson seraya menyebutkan, Jobs dan Zuckerberg adalah dua sosok hebat yang saling mengagumi.
Jadwal Puasa 2012 | Jadwal Imsakiyah Ramadhan 2012 1433 H Seluruh Indonesia Terlengkap
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Jadwal Puasa Ramadhan 2012 / 1433 H
Artikel Ramadhan : Dasar Wajib Puasa, Hikmah Puasa, Syarat Sah Puasa, Syarat Wajib Puasa,Rukun-rukun Puasa, Hal yang Membatalkan Puasa, Problematika Puasa, Sunnah-sunnah dalam Puasa, Makruh dalam Puasa, Hal-hal yang Membatalkan Puasa
Secara bahasa (etimologi) berarti : menahan.Menurut istilah syara’ (terminologi) berarti menahan diri dari perkara yang membatalkan puasa mulai terbit fajar sampai terbenamnya matahari dengan niat tertentu.
Dasar wajib puasa:
ÙŠَا Ø£َÙŠُّÙ‡َا الَّØ°ِينَ Ø¢َÙ…َÙ†ُوا Ùƒُتِبَ عَÙ„َÙŠْÙƒُÙ…ُ الصِّÙŠَامُ ÙƒَÙ…َا Ùƒُتِبَ عَÙ„َÙ‰ الَّØ°ِينَ Ù…ِÙ†ْ Ù‚َبْÙ„ِÙƒُÙ…ْ Ù„َعَÙ„َّÙƒُÙ…ْ تَتَّÙ‚ُونَ
Hai orang-orang yang beriman, diwajibkan atas kalian berpuasa sebagaimana diwajibkan atas orang-orang sebelum kalian agar kalian bertakwa, (Al-Baqoroh 183)
Puasa diwajibkan pada bulan Sya’ban tahun kedua hijriyyah.
Hikmah puasa : menahan hawa nafsu, mengurangi syahwat, memberikan pelajaran bagi si kaya untuk merasakan lapar sehingga menumbuhkan rasa kasih sayang kepada fakir miskin, dan menjaga dari maksiat.
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